Incarnation, Tabernacle, and the Body of Believers: A Theology of Divine Presence for the Marginalized and Disabled Inkarnasi, Tabernakel, dan Tubuh Orang Percaya: Teologi Kehadiran Allah bagi Kaum Marginal dan Disabilitas

Main Article Content

Oey Natanael Winanto

Abstract

Teologi kehadiran ilahi telah menjadi tema sentral dalam tradisi Kristen, namun implikasinya bagi komunitas marginal dan penyandang disabilitas masih kurang dieksplorasi. Inkarnasi Kristus, tabernakel sebagai tempat kediaman Allah, dan tubuh orang percaya sebagai bait Roh Kudus bersama-sama membentuk kerangka teologis yang kaya untuk memahami bagaimana kehadiran Allah bersinggungan dengan perwujudan manusia dan marginalisasi sosial. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membangun teologi sintetis tentang kehadiran ilahi yang mengintegrasikan doktrin inkarnasi, tabernakel, dan indwelling tubuh untuk menjawab kebutuhan spiritual dan sosial kelompok marginal dan penyandang disabilitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi pustaka, menganalisis teks-teks Alkitab, karya-karya teologis, dan kajian kontemporer tentang inkarnasi, ruang sakral, teologi disabilitas, dan teologi kontekstual. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa inkarnasi menetapkan solidaritas Allah dengan perwujudan manusia, tabernakel menunjukkan keinginan Allah untuk diam di antara yang marginal, dan tubuh orang percaya sebagai bait menegaskan martabat semua orang terlepas dari kemampuan fisik atau status sosial. Teologi kehadiran ilahi yang berakar pada ketiga doktrin ini menantang praktik eksklusif dalam komunitas iman dan memanggil gereja untuk mewujudkan kehadiran Allah yang inklusif. 


 


The theology of divine presence has been a central theme in Christian tradition, yet its implications for marginalized communities and persons with disabilities remain underexplored. The incarnation of Christ, the tabernacle as God's dwelling place, and the believer's body as temple of the Holy Spirit together form a rich theological framework for understanding how God's presence intersects with human embodiment and social marginalization. This article aims to construct a synthetic theology of divine presence that integrates the doctrines of incarnation, tabernacle, and bodily indwelling to address the spiritual and social needs of marginalized groups and persons with disabilities. This study employs a qualitative approach with a literature review method, analyzing biblical texts, theological works, and contemporary scholarship on incarnation, sacred space, disability theology, and contextual theology. The findings reveal that the incarnation establishes God's solidarity with human embodiment, the tabernacle demonstrates God's desire to dwell among the marginalized, and the believer's body as temple affirms the dignity of all persons regardless of physical ability or social status. A theology of divine presence grounded in these three doctrines challenges exclusionary practices within faith communities and calls the church to embody God's inclusive presence.

Article Details

How to Cite
Winanto, O. N. (2026). Incarnation, Tabernacle, and the Body of Believers: A Theology of Divine Presence for the Marginalized and Disabled: Inkarnasi, Tabernakel, dan Tubuh Orang Percaya: Teologi Kehadiran Allah bagi Kaum Marginal dan Disabilitas. MODERATE: Journal of Religious, Education, and Social, 4(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.46362/moderate.v4i1.50
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