Makna Teologis Memberi Persembahan Perpuluhan Dalam Perjanjian Lama
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Abstract
In the Ancient Near East, tithing covered various properties, produce or even currency, but specifics varied from culture to culture. In Israel the following were subject to tithing: wheat, new wine, olive oil, fruit, cattle and sheep (Deut. 14:23; Le 27:32, etc.), but other items may also be tithe. Abram gave a tithe of the spoils of war (Gen. 14:20) and Jacob swore to tithe of all that God had given him (Gen. 28:22). argues that throughout the Ancient Near East, all kinds of objects were found as subject to tithing: wool, cloth, wood, weapons, gold, silver, donkeys, and so on. In general, the Israelites had to tithe all the wealth of the land that Yahweh gave them (cf. Deut. 8:18). The concept of tithing was not new to Israel, for its practice could be observed before the law was revealed (Gen. 14:20; 28:20-22). From the time of the patriarchs, the Israelites began to make a vow of tithing (eg Gen. 28:22). That the tithe is mentioned in the Bible as a secular tax (Gen. 47:24; double tenth for Pharaoh; 1 Sam. 8:15, 17, and Amos 7:1 imply a tax on the first fruit). Initially it was levied for the king and only later for the gods (gods), which is opposed in Genesis 28:22. Genesis 1 shows that God is the Creator of all the riches of the earth (vv. 11-12; 16-18; 20-21; 24-25; 29-31). As the owner of all the land of Canaan, God could give it to whomever He wished (Deut. 2:5; 10-12; 20-23; 31).
Di Timur Dekat Kuno, persepuluhan mencakup berbagai properti, hasil bumi atau bahkan mata uang, tetapi hal-hal khusus bervariasi dari satu budaya ke budaya lain. Di Israel yang berikut ini tunduk pada persepuluhan: gandum, anggur baru, minyak zaitun, buah, sapi dan domba (Ul. 14:23; Im 27:32, dll.), tetapi barang-barang lain mungkin juga diberi persepuluhan. Abram memberikan persepuluhan dari rampasan perang (Kej. 14:20) dan Yakub bersumpah untuk memberikan persepuluhan dari semua yang Allah berikan kepadanya (Kej. 28:22). berpendapat bahwa di seluruh Timur Dekat Kuno, semua jenis benda telah ditemukan sebagai subjek persepuluhan: wol, kain, kayu, senjata, emas, perak, keledai, dan lain-lain. Secara umum, orang Israel harus memberikan persepuluhan semua kekayaan tanah yang diberikan Yahweh kepada mereka (lih. Ul 8:18). Konsep persepuluhan bukanlah hal baru bagi Israel, karena praktiknya dapat diamati sebelum hukum diturunkan (Kej. 14:20; 28:20-22). Sejak zaman para bapa bangsa, bangsa Israel mulai mengikrarkan persepuluhan (mis. Kej 28:22). Bahwa persepuluhan disebutkan dalam Alkitab sebagai pajak sekuler (Kej. 47:24; sepersepuluh ganda untuk Firaun; 1 Sam. 8:15, 17, dan Amos 7:1 menyiratkan pajak atas buah pertama). Awalnya dipungut untuk raja dan hanya kemudian untuk dewa (dewa), yang ditentang dalam Kejadian 28:22. Kejadian 1 menunjukkan bahwa Allah adalah Pencipta seluruh kekayaan bumi (ay. 11-12; 16-18; 20-21; 24-25; 29-31). Sebagai pemilik seluruh tanah Kanaan, Tuhan dapat memberikannya kepada siapa saja yang dikehendaki-Nya (Ul. 2:5; 10-12; 20-23; 31).
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